- Decentralized science (DeSci)
- A movement using blockchain infrastructure to make scientific funding, publishing, peer review and IP ownership open, transparent and researcher-controlled, removing reliance on centralised funders and publishers.
- IP-NFT
- An intellectual property non-fungible token that encodes ownership rights, licensing terms and royalty-split logic for a research output directly on-chain, giving researchers programmable control over how their discoveries are licensed and monetised.
- Retroactive funding
- A funding model that rewards proven impact after it has been delivered, rather than requiring researchers to predict future value through prospective grant applications. Capital flows to work that has already demonstrated reproducible results.
- Quadratic funding
- A democratic capital-allocation mechanism where the number of unique contributors to a project determines its matching pool share, making broad community support more impactful than single large donations and amplifying small-donor signals.
- Reproducibility record
- A cryptographic anchor of a research dataset and methodology stored on-chain or on a content-addressed network such as Filecoin, enabling independent researchers to verify that results can be replicated without relying on the original team.
- Science DAO
- A decentralized autonomous organization structured to govern scientific funding pools, peer-review processes and IP licensing for a research community, replacing committee-based decision-making with on-chain voting and transparent treasury management. Science DAO tooling is a form of decentralized application development specialized for research governance rather than financial speculation.
- On-chain peer review
- A peer-review workflow whose submissions, reviewer assignments, scores and final decisions are recorded immutably on a blockchain, creating a transparent and auditable scientific record that cannot be altered after the fact.
- Research provenance
- The complete traceable history of a research artifact including authorship, data lineage, funding source and methodology version recorded on-chain, enabling anyone to verify the origin and integrity of a scientific result. On-chain analytics tools built on blockchain data indexing make provenance queries practical at scale.
- Royalty split
- An automated on-chain mechanism that distributes licensing revenue from a research IP-NFT to all registered contributors in predefined proportions, executing payments without manual intervention whenever a license is granted.
- Open access
- A publishing model that makes research outputs freely available to read and use, typically enforced in DeSci through on-chain licensing terms embedded in an IP-NFT that automatically grant read access while preserving attribution and royalty rights.